I'm a data scientist from a physics/engineering background and I'm really looking to improve my knowledge of the fundamentals in computer science - especially from an algorithm perspective.

I'm looking for recommendations on useful algorithm overview texts that would be particularly useful for data scientists (applicable to wrangling, pre-processing and big data problems).

This thread might also be useful for any other texts we can recommend each other to improve a particular area of programming/computer science - definitely feel it's an area I can improve one when chatting with back-end developers.